[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Header – All Pages” transparent_background=”off” background_color=”#1e73be” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px|” next_background_color=”#000000″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_module=”1221″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” global_parent=”1221″ make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” use_custom_gutter=”off” custom_padding=”||5px|” allow_player_pause=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on” make_equal=”off” parallax_1=”off” parallax_method_1=”off” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_post_title global_parent=”1221″ title=”on” meta=”off” author=”on” date=”on” categories=”on” comments=”on” featured_image=”off” featured_placement=”below” parallax_effect=”on” parallax_method=”off” text_orientation=”left” text_color=”light” text_background=”off” text_bg_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0.9)” module_bg_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0)” use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid” custom_padding=”10px|||” parallax=”on” background_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0)” /][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”off” specialty=”off” transparent_background=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” custom_padding=”30px||0px|” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” background_color=”#1e73be” prev_background_color=”#000000″ next_background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding_tablet=”0px||0px|” global_module=”1228″][et_pb_row global_parent=”1228″ make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” use_custom_gutter=”off” custom_padding=”30px||0px|” allow_player_pause=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” make_equal=”off” parallax_1=”off” parallax_method_1=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_text global_parent=”1228″ background_layout=”light” text_orientation=”left” use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial”]

[breadcrumb]

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”off” specialty=”off” transparent_background=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” gutter_width=”3″ custom_padding_tablet=”0px||0px|” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” prev_background_color=”#1e73be” next_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_toggle _builder_version=”3.0.106″ title=”Practical Examples” open=”off”]

22.1 Scope. 

22.1.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.1-22.2. 

22.1.2 OmniPro comment 

22.2 Classification of an instrument as liability or equity. 

22.2.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.3. 

22.2.2 OmniPro comment 

22.2.2.1 Definition of financial liability. 

22.2.2.2 Definition of equity. 

22.2.3 Accounting treatment of instruments classified as debt 

22.2.4 Mandatory requirements to pay dividends even if no distributable reserves when classified as a liability  

22.2.5 Treatment of dividend on instruments classified as equity. 

22.2.6 Examples illustrating whether an instrument meets the definition of debt or equity. 

22.2.6.1 Redeemable preference shares at option of the holder with mandatory coupon. 

22.2.6.2 Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at market rate. 

22.2.6.3 Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at non-market rate or at market rate with option of entity to. 

22.2.6.4 Shares/loan notes redeemable at the option of the holder 

22.2.6.5 Non-redeemable preference shares with discretionary dividend. 

22.2.6.6 Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with discretionary dividend. 

22.2.6.7 Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with mandatory. 

22.2.6.8 Mandatory redeemable preference shares/loan note at fixed amount at a fixed or future date with mandatory dividend. 

22.2.6.9 Mandatory redeemable preference shares/loan note at fixed amount at a fixed or future date with dividend payable at the discretion of the issuer 

22.2.6.9.1 Treatment of difference between present value ad actual amount subscribed for 

22.2.6.9.2 Impact of dividend added to redemption amount if declared, even if not mandatory dividend. 

22.2.6.10 Redeemable preference shares at holder’s option at some future date with dividend payable at the discretion of the issuer 

22.2.6.11 Preference shares with dividends payable at the discretion of the issuer and only redeemable on the liquidation of the company. 

22.2.6.11A Preference shares/bonds convertible with a mandatory coupon redeemable at the option at the holder, into a fixed number of ordinary shares at any time up to maturity (see example 17 at 27.11.2.6) 

22.2.6.12 Preference shares/loan notes issued which can be redeemed/converted for no set number of shares in the future but based on amount subscribed. 

22.2.6.13 Fixed for fixed arrangement 

22.2.6.14 Equity issued in return for a forward contract to issue foreign currency. 

22.3.2 OmniPro comment 

22.3.2.1 Overview. 

22.3.2.2 Contingency element is not genuine. 

22.3.2.3 contingency occurring on liquidation. 

22.3.2.4 Exceptions to an instrument being classified as a financial liability –as only represent residual interest in net assets. 

22.3.2.5 Examples of uncertain future/changed events outside the control of the issuer 

22.3.2.6 Example of instruments to be classified as a debt or equity. 

22.4 Original issue of shares or other equity instruments. 

22.4.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.7-22.10. 

22.4.2 OmniPro comment – Accounting treatment 

22.4.2.1 Overview. 

22.4.2.2 Transaction cost 

22.4.2.3 Presentation. 

22.4.2.4 Examples of share issues – accounting treatment 

22.5 Exercise of options, rights and warrants. 

22.5.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.11. 

22.5.2 OmniPro comment 

22.6 Capitalisation or bonus issues of shares and share splits. 

22.6.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.12. 

22.6.2 OmniPro comment 

22.7.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.13-22.15. 

22.7.2 OmniPro comment 

22.7.2.1 Determining the split of debt and equity. 

22.7.2.2 Treatment of transaction cost 

22.7.2.3 Subsequent revisions. 

22.7.2.4 Accounting for the liability. 

22.7.2.5 Examples of compound financial instruments. 

22.7.2.6 Compound Financial instrument example. 

22.7.2.7 Accounting for the convertible option once exercised or option to exercise is not taken. 

22.7.2.8 Allocation of transaction costs. 

22.8.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.17-22.18. 

22.8.2 OmniPro comment 

22.8.2.1 Distribution of shares classified in equity. 

22.8.2.2 Distributions on shares classified as debt (i.e. On shares classified on debt) 

22.8.2.3 Disclosure of fair value of non-cash distributions. 

22.9 Non-controlling interest and transactions in shares of a consolidated subsidiary. 

22.9.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.19. 

22.9.2 OmniPro comment 

22.9.2.1 Overview. 

22.9.2.2 Accounting for acquiring a further controlling interest 

22.9.2.3 Accounting for disposals of controlling interests but controlling interest retained. 

22.10 Disclosures. 

22.10.1 OmniPro comment 

22.10.1.1 Statement of changes in equity. 

22.10.1.2 Accounting Policies. 

22.10.1.3 Note to the financial statements. 

22.10.1.4 Notes in relation to dividends

[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=”3_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=”Main Body Text” text_orientation=”justified” use_border_color=”off” border_color_all=”off” module_alignment=”left” _builder_version=”3.17.6″]

22.9 Non-Controlling Interest and Transactions in Shares of a Consolidated Subsidiary
22.9.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.19

22.19 In the consolidated financial statements, a non-controlling interest in the net assets of a subsidiary is included in equity. An entity shall treat changes in a parent’s controlling interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control as transactions with equity holders in their capacity as equity holders. Accordingly, the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest shall be adjusted to reflect the change in the parent’s interest in the subsidiary’s net assets. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interest is so adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received, if any, shall be recognised directly in equity and attributed to equity holders of the parent. An entity shall not recognise a gain or loss on these changes. Also, an entity shall not recognise any change in the carrying amounts of assets (including goodwill) or liabilities as a result of such transactions

22.9.2 OmniPro comment
22.9.2.1 Overview

As per section 22.19 of FRS 102, where an entity has a subsidiary and has consolidated this over the periods on the basis that it had control i.e. owned more than 50% of the voting rights but not 100% or had control by some other method where 50% or less is held, and then acquires a further amount of share capital so as to increase ownership, in the consolidated accounts of the parent company the transaction is an equity transaction.

No goodwill is recognised nor is there a requirement to fair value the assets and liabilities at the date the further interest is acquired. See 22.9.2.2. Similarly, for disposals that do not result in a lossn of control, these transactions are equity transactions, (i.e. a reclassification of the amount included in ‘group profit and loss measures to ‘non- controlling interest see 22.9.2.3). No profit or loss is recognised in the consolidated financial statements.

22.9.2.2 Accounting for acquiring a further controlling interest

Example 21: Acquiring a further controlling interest
Application of guidance in section 22.19 of FRS 102

Parent A previously owned 55% of Company B which was consolidated in the financial statements. At the time of acquisition of the 55% its fair value of net assets was CU500,000 which was equal to book value. The purchase cost was CU300,000. The goodwill recognised was CU25,000 (CU500,000*55%=CU275,000-CU300,000). During the year the company acquired a further 25% from the non-controlling interest for CU220,000. The fair value of the net assets of Company B at the date of the acquisition of the additional 25% was CU800,000 (the NBV of the net assets was CU700,000). The carrying amount of the 45% non-controlling interest in the consolidated financial statements was CU250,000 at the date of purchase of the 25% interest.

The journals posted in the parent individual TB would be:

CU CU
Dr Investment in Subsidiary 220,000
Cr Bank 220,000

The journals required to account for this transaction in the consolidated financial statements are:

CU CU

Dr Equity -Profit and Loss Reserves

(CU220,000-CU138,889)

81,111

Dr Equity-Non Controlling Interest

(CU250,000/45 being original amount owned by the MI *25 being the amount disposed of)

138,889
Cr Investment in Subsidiary 220,000

Being journal to reflect the acquisition as an equity transaction


Example 22: Acquiring a further controlling interest

Parent A previously owned 55% of Company B which was consolidated in the financial statements. During the year the company acquired the remaining 45% from the non-controlling interest for CU1,300,000. The non-controlling interest shown in the financial statements prior to the acquisition was CU1,000,000. The journals posted in the parent individual TB would be:

CU CU
Dr Investment in Subsidiary 1,300,000
Cr Bank 1,300,000

The journals required to account for this transaction in the consolidated financial statements are:

CU CU
Dr Equity -Profit and Loss Reserves 300,000
Dr Equity-Non Controlling Interest 1,000,000
Cr Investment in Subsidiary 1,300,000

Being journal to reflect this as an equity transaction

22.9.2.3 Accounting for disposals of controlling interests but controlling interest retained.

Example 23: Disposing of controlling interest but controlling interest retained

Application of requests in section 22.19 of FRS 102

Parent A previously owned 100% of Company B which was consolidated in the financial statements. During the year the company disposed of 25% to a third party for CU300,000. The original cost of the investment in the individual entity accounts was CU1,300,000. The net assets of the subsidiary at the date of disposal was CU800,000 plus goodwill of CU50,000 in the consolidated accounts.

The journals posted in the parent individual TB would be:

CU CU
Dr Loss on Disposal 25,000
Dr Bank 300,000

Cr Investment in Subsidiary

(CU1,300,000*25%)

325,000

The journals required to account for this transaction in the consolidated financial statements are:

CU CU
Dr Investment in Subsidiary 300,000

Cr Equity -Profit and Loss Reserves

(CU300,000-CU212,500)

87,500

Cr Equity-Non Controlling Interest

(CU850,000*25%)

212,500

Being journal to reflect disposal as an equity transaction assuming usual goodwill journals were posted


[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″][et_pb_toggle _builder_version=”3.0.106″ title=”Practical Examples” open=”off”]

Examples

Example 1: Redeemable preference shares at option of the holder with mandatory coupon. 

Example 2: Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at market rate. 

Example 3: Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at non-market rate or at market rate with option of entity to pay. 

Example 4: Shares redeemable at the option of the holder 

Example 5: Non-redeemable preference shares with discretionary dividend. 

Example 6: Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with discretionary dividend. 

Example 7: Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with mandatory dividend. 

Example 8: Mandatory redeemable preference shares at fixed amount at a fixed or future date with mandatory dividend  

Example 9: Mandatory redeemable preference shares at fixed amount at a fixed or future date with dividend payable at the discretion of the issuer 

Example 10: Redeemable preference shares at holder’s option at some future date with dividend payable at the discretion of the issuer 

Example 11: Preference shares with dividends payable at the discretion of the issuer and only redeemable on the liquidation of the company. 

Example 11A: Preference shares/bonds convertible with a mandatory coupon redeemable at the option at the holder, into a fixed number of ordinary shares at any time up to maturity. 

Example 12: Preference shares issued which can be redeemed/converted for no set number of share in the future but based on amount subscribed. 

Example 13: Fixed for fixed arrangement 

Example 13A: Application of Section 22.3(b)(ii) of FRS 102. 

Example 13B: Future contingency amount 

Example 13C: Future contingency. 

Example 14: Accounting treatment on original issue of shares. 

Example 15: Accounting treatment on original issue of shares – left as unpaid. 

Example 16: Capitalisation/bonus issue. 

Example 17: Accounting treatment for a compound financial instrument 

Example 18: compound instrument where conversion is chosen. 

Example 19: compound instrument where conversion is chosen. 

Example 20: Accounting for transaction costs in acquiring a compound financial instrument 

Example 21: Acquiring a further controlling interest 

Example 22: Acquiring a further controlling interest 

Example 23: Disposing of controlling interest but controlling interest retained. 

Example 24: Extract of Statement of Changes in Equity from financial statements. 

Example 25: Extract from accounting policies note. 

Example 26: Extract from notes to the financial statements – liability

Example 27: Extract from notes to the financial statements – share capital 

Example 28: Extract from notes to the financial statements – dividends on equity shares. 

Example 29: Extract from notes to the financial statements – disclosure of preference dividend/convertible loan in interest payable. 

[/et_pb_toggle][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]