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22.1.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.1-22.2.
22.2 Classification of an instrument as liability or equity.
22.2.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.3.
22.2.2.1 Definition of financial liability.
22.2.2.2 Definition of equity.
22.2.3 Accounting treatment of instruments classified as debt
22.2.5 Treatment of dividend on instruments classified as equity.
22.2.6 Examples illustrating whether an instrument meets the definition of debt or equity.
22.2.6.1 Redeemable preference shares at option of the holder with mandatory coupon.
22.2.6.2 Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at market rate.
22.2.6.4 Shares/loan notes redeemable at the option of the holder
22.2.6.5 Non-redeemable preference shares with discretionary dividend.
22.2.6.6 Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with discretionary dividend.
22.2.6.7 Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with mandatory.
22.2.6.9.1 Treatment of difference between present value ad actual amount subscribed for
22.2.6.13 Fixed for fixed arrangement
22.2.6.14 Equity issued in return for a forward contract to issue foreign currency.
22.3.2.2 Contingency element is not genuine.
22.3.2.3 contingency occurring on liquidation.
22.3.2.5 Examples of uncertain future/changed events outside the control of the issuer
22.3.2.6 Example of instruments to be classified as a debt or equity.
22.4 Original issue of shares or other equity instruments.
22.4.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.7-22.10.
22.4.2 OmniPro comment – Accounting treatment
22.4.2.4 Examples of share issues – accounting treatment
22.5 Exercise of options, rights and warrants.
22.5.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.11.
22.6 Capitalisation or bonus issues of shares and share splits.
22.6.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.12.
22.7.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.13-22.15.
22.7.2.1 Determining the split of debt and equity.
22.7.2.2 Treatment of transaction cost
22.7.2.3 Subsequent revisions.
22.7.2.4 Accounting for the liability.
22.7.2.5 Examples of compound financial instruments.
22.7.2.6 Compound Financial instrument example.
22.7.2.7 Accounting for the convertible option once exercised or option to exercise is not taken.
22.7.2.8 Allocation of transaction costs.
22.8.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.17-22.18.
22.8.2.1 Distribution of shares classified in equity.
22.8.2.2 Distributions on shares classified as debt (i.e. On shares classified on debt)
22.8.2.3 Disclosure of fair value of non-cash distributions.
22.9 Non-controlling interest and transactions in shares of a consolidated subsidiary.
22.9.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.19.
22.9.2.2 Accounting for acquiring a further controlling interest
22.9.2.3 Accounting for disposals of controlling interests but controlling interest retained.
22.10.1.1 Statement of changes in equity.
22.10.1.2 Accounting Policies.
22.10.1.3 Note to the financial statements.
22.10.1.4 Notes in relation to dividends
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22.6 Capitalisation or Bonus Issues of Shares and Share Splits
22.6.1 Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.12
22.12 A capitalisation or bonus issue (sometimes referred to as a stock dividend) is the issue of new shares to shareholders in proportion to their existing holdings. For example, an entity may give its shareholders one dividend or bonus share for every five shares held. A share split (sometimes referred to as a stock split) is the dividing of an entity’s existing shares into multiple shares. For example, in a share split, each shareholder may receive one additional share for each share held. In some cases, the previously outstanding shares are cancelled and replaced by new shares. Capitalisation and bonus issues and share splits do not change total equity. An entity shall reclassify amounts within equity as required by applicable laws.
22.6.2 OmniPro comment
The example below illustrates the above point. Where a bonus issue occurs the number of shares only change, the equity balance does not. Instead there is a transfer from profit and loss reserves to share capital.
Example 16: Capitalisation/bonus issue
Company A had significant distributable reserves. Prior to the issue the company had 100,000 shares of CU1 each. Profit and loss reserves total CU3,000,000 at the time of the issue. During the year the company decided to capitalise CU500,000 from profit and loss reserves to the appropriation of the said sum as capital to the holders of the 100,000 Ordinary Shares of CU1 in the capital of the Company. The journal required to reflect this transaction in Company A’s books is:
| CU | CU | |
| Dr Ordinary Share Capital | 500,000 | |
| Cr Profit and Loss Reserves | 500,000 |
Being journal to reflect capitalisation of shares
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Examples
Example 1: Redeemable preference shares at option of the holder with mandatory coupon.
Example 2: Non-redeemable preference shares with mandatory coupon at market rate.
Example 4: Shares redeemable at the option of the holder
Example 5: Non-redeemable preference shares with discretionary dividend.
Example 6: Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with discretionary dividend.
Example 7: Redeemable preference shares at option of issuer with mandatory dividend.
Example 13: Fixed for fixed arrangement
Example 13A: Application of Section 22.3(b)(ii) of FRS 102.
Example 13B: Future contingency amount
Example 13C: Future contingency.
Example 14: Accounting treatment on original issue of shares.
Example 15: Accounting treatment on original issue of shares – left as unpaid.
Example 16: Capitalisation/bonus issue.
Example 17: Accounting treatment for a compound financial instrument
Example 18: compound instrument where conversion is chosen.
Example 19: compound instrument where conversion is chosen.
Example 20: Accounting for transaction costs in acquiring a compound financial instrument
Example 21: Acquiring a further controlling interest
Example 22: Acquiring a further controlling interest
Example 23: Disposing of controlling interest but controlling interest retained.
Example 24: Extract of Statement of Changes in Equity from financial statements.
Example 25: Extract from accounting policies note.
Example 26: Extract from notes to the financial statements – liability
Example 27: Extract from notes to the financial statements – share capital
Example 28: Extract from notes to the financial statements – dividends on equity shares.
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