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Liabilities and Equity: Scope

Section 22 deals with the classification of financial instruments as either debt or equity, accounting for compound instruments and purchase of own shares. The key thing to consider is the substance of the transaction when determining whether shares issued should be classed as debt or equity.

Scope
Extract from FRS 102 – Section 22.1-22.2

22.1 This section establishes principles for classifying financial instruments as either liabilities or equity and deals with the accounting for compound financial instruments. It also addresses the issue of equity instruments and distributions to individuals or other parties acting in their capacity as investors in equity instruments (i.e. in their capacity as owners) and the accounting for purchases of own equity. This section also deals with the accounting for non-controlling interests in consolidated financial statements. Section 26 Share-based Payment addresses accounting for a transaction in which the entity receives goods or services (including employee services) as consideration for its equity instruments (including shares or share options) from employees and other vendors acting in their capacity as vendors of goods and services.

22.2 This section shall be applied to all types of financial instruments except:

(a) Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures that are accounted for in accordance with Section 9 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, Section 14 Investments in Associates or Section 15 Investments in Joint Ventures.

(b) Employers’ rights and obligations under employee benefit plans, to which Section 28 Employee Benefits applies.

(c) Contracts for contingent consideration in a business combination (see Section 19 Business Combinations and Goodwill). This exemption applies only to the acquirer.

(d) Financial instruments, contracts and obligations under share-based payment transactions to which Section 26 applies, except that paragraphs 22.3 to 22.6 shall be applied to treasury shares issued, purchased, sold, transferred or cancelled in connection with employee share option plans, employee share purchase plans, and all other share-based payment arrangements.

(e) Insurance contracts (including reinsurance contracts) that an entity issues and reinsurance contracts that it holds (see FRS 103 Insurance Contracts).

(f) Financial instruments with a discretionary participation feature that an entity issues (see FRS 103).

(g) Financial guarantee contracts (see Section 21 Provisions and Contingencies).

A reporting entity that issues the financial instruments set out in (e) and (f) or holds the financial instruments set out (e) is required by paragraph 1.6 to apply FRS 103 to those financial instruments.

OmniPro comment

The scope of Section 22 is very wide and incorporates all financial instruments other than those dealt with in other sections as detailed in Section 22.2.

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